Author(s):

Ashok Kumar Singh, Priyanka Sinha, CS Singh, SK Singh, Arvind Kumar Singh and NK Sinha

Abstract: Rice is grown mostly through transplanting in India, in spite of the fact that transplanting is cumbersome practice and requires more labour. To overcome this problem, farmers are gradually switching over to direct seeding under unpuddled condition. Keeping these points in view an investigation on “Effect of establishment methods on yield and economics of dry direct seeded rice (Oryza sativa L.)” was conducted at Birsa Agricultural University, Farm, Ranchi, Jharkhand, during the kharif seasons of 2015 and 2016 with the objectives to find out effect of different rice establishment methods on crop productivity and profitability of rice. The treatments comprised of six rice establishment methods- dry direct seeded rice (20cm x 15cm), dry direct seeded rice (broadcasted), aerobic rice (20cm apart), semi dry rice(20 cm apart), rice(line sowing 20cm apart) + Sesbania aculeata (broadcasted) and transplanted rice. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design with four replications with variety Naveen. The soil was clay loam in texture and slightly acidic in reaction (pH 6.2 both years) with organic carbon 4.2 and 4.4 g/kg of soil, available soil nitrogen 210.5 and 206.3 kg/h, available phosphorous 31.35 and 30.16 kg/ha, and available potassium 185.1 and 183.5 kg/ha during June 2015 and 2016 respectively. Results revealed that rice + Sesbania aculeata produced maximum grain yield (50.30 q/ha) with 177 filled grains per panicle and 23.83g/1000 grain weight which was significantly higher than either dry direct seeded rice broadcasting (36.08 q/ha), 20cm x 15cm line sowing (40.20 q/ha), aerobic rice (41.80 q/ha) and semi dry rice (42.20 q/ha) except normal transplanting (49.20 q/ha). Weed density increased with crop age and was significantly influenced by establishment methods. The maximum weed population per unit area at 90DAS was recorded with broadcasting method (68.0/m²) and minimum with rice + Sesbania aculeata (19.0/m²). Maximum net return (₹ 57991/ha) with B: C ratio (2.08) was recorded with rice + Sesbania aculeata.

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