Author(s):

Amarendra Kumar, Santosh Kumar, Rakesh Kumar and Rajkishore Kumar and Mir Imran

Abstract: Climate change will cause alterations in the disease geographical and temporal distributions and consequently the control methods will have to be adapted to this new reality. The efficacy of current physical, chemical and biological control methods under changing climatic conditions and research concerning new tools and strategies (including plant breeding) for coping with the predicted changes will be of great strategic importance. Fungicides may continue to serve as common disease suppression agents, although alternative measures, such as cultural methods and biological control, should be developed. There are few discussions on how chemical control will be affected by climate change, despite the importance of this subject. Changes in temperature and precipitation can alter fungicide residue dynamics in the foliage, and the degradation of products can be modified. The persistence of plant protection chemicals in the phyllosphere is highly dependent on weather conditions. Changes in duration, intensity and frequency of precipitation events will affect the efficacy of chemical pesticides and how quickly the active molecules are washed away. Temperature can directly influence the degradation of chemicals and alter plant physiology and morphology, indirectly affecting the penetration, translocation, persistence and modes of action of many systemic fungicides (Coakley et al., 1999). Indigenous microbial communities play an important role in maintaining plant health. There is a need to promote these beneficial communities. Recent technological advances, such as metagenomic analyses will increase our understanding of microbial dynamics in soil and other environments and further advance the establishment of plant pathogen suppressive microbial populations.

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