Dr. Vanita Kanase, Aman Gupta, Komal Patil, Ashniya Bandarkar and Dr. Mohib Khan

Trapa natans L. commonly known as Water Chestnut, is a member of the Trapaceae family and has gained recognition as a nutritional powerhouse and a potential source of bioactive compounds with diverse psychopharmacological properties. This review aims to summarize the current information and understanding of the phytopharmacology of Water Chestnut and its bioactive constituents, with a focus on its potential health benefits and therapeutic applications. Water chestnut is rich in various bioactive compounds, including glucosinolates, carotenoids, vitamins, minerals, and phenolic compounds. These bioactive constituents have demonstrated a wide range of pharmacological properties, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-ulcer, hepatoprotective, and anti-diabetic effects. The fruits of Water Chestnut plant contains Phenolic compounds such as Gallic acid, Caffeic acid, ellagic acid, ferulic acid and flavonoids such as Pinobanksin, quercetin, naringenin, etc all this have anti-depressant effect. Furthermore, the high antioxidant capacity of Water Chestnut, attributed to its carotenoid and phenolic content, plays a crucial role in protecting against oxidative stress and associated diseases. The anti-inflammatory properties of this aquatic plant can be beneficial in the management of various inflammatory conditions, such as arthritis and inflammatory bowel diseases. Trapa natans potential in managing cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and obesity has also been investigated, primarily due to its ability to modulate lipid metabolism and improve insulin sensitivity. Additionally, its mineral content, including calcium, magnesium, and potassium, contributes to its role in bone health and blood pressure regulation. In conclusion, Trapa natans L. or Water Chestnut, is a remarkable source of bioactive compounds with a wide array of phytopharmacological properties. Its diverse health benefits, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-ulcer effects, making it a valuable dietary addition for promoting overall health and preventing chronic diseases. Future research should focus on elucidating the mechanisms of action of Water Chestnut bioactive constituents and exploring its full therapeutic potential in clinical settings.

DOI: 10.22271/phyto.2024.v13.i3a.14946

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