Ramesh Kumar Singh, Shashank Shekhar Solankey, Neeraj Dwivedi, Dhananjay Kumar Upadhyay, Praveen Kumar Singh, Vikas Kumar Singh and Nagendra Rai

Among the vegetables, tomato is a wealthy genetic heritage. It is the most consumable vegetable due to its nutritional and medicinal values towards animals and human health. The aim of this study is to focus on the overview of primary introduction and cultivation of tomato, the genetic nature of morphological traits and interpretation of phyto-physio-chemicals of tomatoes viz., auxin, gibberellins, cytokinins, abscisic acid (ABA), ethylene (ET), anthocyanin, chlorophyll, carotene, lycopene, ascorbic acid etc., as well as their properties are applied to plant and human health. The plant hormones are available in plants, leaves, flowers and fruits, are responsible for all activities from seed germination to fruit ripening etc. The anthocyanin protects to crop from UV rays as well as protects the human body from major human diseases. Chlorophyll can be used as a drink for human health, changing colour from raw to ripe stages due to degradation of chlorophyll and increased the carotenoids due to start the secretion of a small amount of ethylene in fruits (Klee, 2000). Lycopene is responsible for red colour in tomato fruits, hold sufficient amount of anti-oxidant and reduces the risk of cancers, heart diseases, age-related diseases in human. The aroma and flavours had found in tomato fruit due to the presence of volatile and non-volatile compounds. These cultivars and their chemical properties may be useful for pharmaceutical industries, farmers, breeders and researchers for processing, marketing and variety development on the basis of their morpho-phenological and phyto-physio-chemical properties.

DOI: 10.22271/phyto.2024.v13.i2b.14876

Pages: 114-127  |  344 Views  187 Downloads