Author(s):

Lidwine Ngah, Jules Lobe Songue, Jean Pierre Longue Ekon, Willifred Dongmo Tékapi Tsopgni, Moses K Langat, Emmanuel Mpondo Mpondo, Jean Duplex Wansi, Jean Claude Ndom and Alain François Kamdem Waffo

Abstract: We report the chemistry of Vitex phaseolifolius Hildbr. (Lamiaceae Martinov), a plant that is endemic to Cameroon, and the antibacterial, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of the isolated compounds. Thirteen compounds, asperphenamate, the triterpenes, bauerenol, β-amyrin, oleanolic acid, lupeol, betulinic acid, taraxeryl acetate and friedelanol, the phytosterols, stigmasterol, sitostroland stigmasteryl-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside and two fatty acids arachidic acid and palmitic acid were isolated and identified from this plant. The structures of these compounds were elucidated based on their NMR and ESIMS experiments, and compared with those reported in the literature. The compounds were found to be inactive against four bacterial strains Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella enterica and Pseudomonas agarici. Compounds 6 - 11 and crude extract were evaluated for their DPPH antioxidant properties and anti-inflammatory properties. The compounds were found to be inactive while the crude extract showed good antioxidant activity with an IC₅₀of 5.55 µg/mL and a weak percentage of protein denaturation with a percentage of 40%.

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