Author(s):

Deverakonda Ramadevi, Pachaiyappan Jayaram, Battu Ganga Rao, Neerugatti Dora Babu and Rayi Radha

Abstract: Alstonia scholaris L R. Br plant is a tremendous powerful tropical and subtropical latex plant. There are more than 250 genera and 2500 plant species are available in apocyanaceae family. Alstonia scholaris (L) R. Br. (Apocyanacea) Leaf, root, fruit and flowers are useful for various conditions of ailments in traditional system of medicine since ancient times. Alstonia scholaris fresh roots were collected early in morning with the help of Prof. Madhavasetty and two members of tribal people who lives at forest. The present study aimed to study the detailed study on morphological, microsopical (T.S, LS and powder microscopy with different resolutions), physicochemical, florescence analysis and preliminary phytochemical screening on Alstonia scholaris (L) R. Br roots (Andhra Pradesh). We can easy to identify the plant with help of above characters, provided the detailed valuable information for botanical quality control, species identification and to detect the adulterations in commercial wise samples of Alstonia scholaris root. These studies are mainly useful for identification and standardization of Alstonia scholaris (L) R. Br. The plant is also helpful for the other research studies. Confocal microscope and Nikon lab photo 2 microscopic unit was used to identify the detailed parts in roots. For Alstonia scholaris root (T.S, L.S) and powder sectioning purpose used many reagents to get the individual part clearly. To define the purity and quality of herbal medicine used physicochemical analysis, preliminary phytochemical studies. The root anatomy contains periderm cylinder, wide cortex and largevascular cylinder, thin walled parenchyma cells, secondary phloem, secondary xylem, lighting stained phloem parenchyma cells, pith is filled with thick walled angular compact cells. These fibers are very narrow with tapering ends, the cell walls are thick the cell lumen is narrow. The wide fibers are up to 70µm wide and less than700µm long and 60µm wide. The wide fibers have thin walls and wide lumen. The fibers have vertical row of oblique elliptical simple pits. In some vessel elements, the end wall is circular and horizontal in orientation. The vessel elements have multi seriate minute ellipteal lateral cell wall boarded pits. The vessel elements are 450µm long and up to 60µm wide. In preliminary photochemical studies total ash 33.93%, water soluble ash (3.86), acid insoluble ash (5.98), foaming index (<100), swelling index (<100), Loss on Drying ( 10.5). extractive values with different organic solvent Hexane (0.7), N-butanol (2.9) Ethyl acetate (6), Ethanol (5.4), acetone (4.8), methanol (12), hydroalcoholic (5.62) and Distilled water (10.23). In florescence analysis at (UV 254 nm & 354 nm) observed plenty of florescence reflections so colourful compounds are present in that plant. In preliminary phytochemical tests terpenoids, aminoacids, flavonoids, tannins, glycosides are present carbohydrates. Pharmacognostic study is mainly useful for measurement of quality, safety and efficacy of herbal drugs. It is very helpful for herbal monographs.

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