Author(s):

Priyanka Devi and Prasann Kumar

Abstract: From the diverse sources of the heavy metal like human activities which changes the cycles of heavy metal worldwide by biogeochemically hence emitting the different concentration of heavy metal in the atmosphere as well as in soil. With the increase in the industrialization and urbanization now a day leads to increase the heavy metal pollutants in the atmosphere and in the soil which have the toxic effects on the human as well as on the plants. There are various sources of heavy metal like weathering of rocks which comes under natural processes and lot many anthropogenic activities due to which it enters the environment. Due to various anthropogenic activities of human, the hexavalent chromium was found in drinking water which was discharged from the different industry like steel, leather, cement and also from trivalent chromium natural deposited by erosion. This investigation was aimed to analyze the role of biofertilizers in mitigating the chromium stress (Cr VI), given at the rate of 100 ppm per pot by keeping the organic approach into consideration for maintenance of sustainable agriculture. The present research work was carried out during the Zaid season in the Department of Agronomy as a pot culture experiment in the farm, School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara. A pot experiment was set up with Zea mays, as test plant to evaluate the role of trichoderma, rhizobium and mycorrhiza mediated mitigation of chromium toxicity on morphological parameters of maize. The result indicates that when the plants are exposed to the chromium stress (T1) the average internodal length (cm) was significantly decreased with 17.60%, 14.25% and 2.16% as compared to that of control treatments (T0) at different growth interval 30, 60 and 90 DAS respectively. It was also found that when the application of mycorrhiza was done along with the chromium stress (T7) which helps in mitigating the effect of stress by increasing the average leaf area(cm^-2) by 4.77%, 12.64% and 61.52% as compared to the treatment where only chromium was applied (T1) at 30, 60 and 90 DAS respectively and this increase in leaf area helps the plants to survive in that harsh conditions.

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