Author(s):

Brijesh Kumar Yadav

Abstract: The study compared the effects of paddy residue burning on soil bio-chemical properties and nutrients of arid soils collected from different villages of Sangat block, Bathinda, Punjab. Soil dehydrogenase activity ranged from 42.9- 57.4 and 14.0- 23.7 µg TPF produced g^-1h^-1 in upper soil (0-15 cm), 38.0- 48.5 and 14.9-48.5 µg TPF produced g^-1h^-1 in lower soil (15-30 cm) under unburned and burned conditions. Due to residue burning the DHA was decreased, ranged from 48.9 - 73.5% and 51.0- 64.4% in upper and lower soil respectively. The acid phosphatase activity ranged from 92.5- 136.9 µg pNP produced g^-1h^-1 in upper soil (0-15 cm) and 85.1-121.1 µg pNP produced g^-1h^-1 in lower soil (15-30 cm) under unburned location. Similarly, it varied between 41.3-65.8 and 47.4-72.9 µg pNP produced g^-1h^-1 in upper and lower layers in burned condition. The residue burning decreased acid phosphatase activity from 47.7 - 67.3 % in upper (0-15 cm) soil and 33.6 - 61% in lower (15-30 cm) soil. Likewise, alkaline phosphatase varied 109.5-154.9 and 54.9-78.5µg pNP produced g^-1h^-1 in upper soil (0-15 cm) and 97.5-143.6 and 63.8-97.2 µg pNP produced g^-1h^-1 in lower soil (15-30cm) under unburned and burned situation. The alkaline phosphatase activity decreased between 44.0- 61.5% in upper layer and 17.5 -55.6% in lower layer by stubble burning. The soil reaction (pH) of soils ranged from 8.2-8.6 and 8.3- 8.7 in upper (0-15cm) and lower (15-30cm) soil under unburned soil conditions and increased by 1.8- 9.8 % in upper (0-15cm) and 1.0- 9.5% in lower (15-30 cm) soil. Like soil pH, electrical conductivity (EC) was also increased and ranged from 0.38 -1.29 dSm^-1 in upper soil (0-15cm) and 0.29-0.93 dSm^-1 in lower soil (15-30 cm) under unburned conditions, which was increased from 1.2 -7.4% and 0.2-4.8 % in upper and lower soils, respectively. Soil organic carbon ranged from 4.5-7.6 and 1.6-5.7 mg kg^-1 in upper (0-15 cm) and lower (15-30 cm) soil layer under unburned conditions and decreased by 44.4 - 76.9% and 31.3- 74.2% in upper and lower layer due to residue burning, respectively. The N and S availability under unburned conditions was reported between 260 -325 mg kg^-1 and 34.5 -64.8 mg kg^-1 in upper soil (0-15 cm) and 222.6 -283.4 mg kg^-1 and 27.1 -53.7 mg kg^-1 in lower soil (15-30 cm) layer. The residue burning decreased the N and S by 59.0-66.5% and 37.7- 49.0% in upper (0-15 cm) soil and 44.5-56.3% and 28.4-36.3% in lower (15-30 cm) soils, respectively. Under unburned conditions P and K ranged from 30.9-45.3 mg kg^-1 and 254.0- 403.8 mg kg^-1 in upper (0-15 cm), while its, ranged from 28.1-37.5 mg kg^-1 and 160.4-310.3 mg kg^-1 in lower (15-30 cm) soil. The residue burning increased P and K availability by 1.2-10.7% and 5.9- 20.3% in upper (0-15 cm) soil, 1.1-7.2 % and 2.3-25.07% in lower (15-30 cm) soil, respectively.

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