Author(s):

GS Laharia, VD Navale, SD Jadhao, PH Rathod and AB Aage

Abstract: The present investigation was conducted during 2017-18 to study the changes in biological properties during decomposition of crop residues at Research Farm, Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola. The various crop residues viz; wheat straw, shredded cotton stalks, sorghum stubbles and glyricidia leaves along with rock phosphate, urea, elemental sulphur, cow dung slurry and PDKV decomposing culture were decomposed upto 120 days by pit method. The experiment was laid in completely randomized design with four replication. The microbial count significantly increased initially during first sixty days and thereafter decreased as decomposition progressed. The pH, organic carbon and C: N ratio decreased with increased in decomposition. The CO₂ evolution increased initially during first sixty days and thereafter decreased as decomposition progressed. The temperature increased initially during first seventy days and thereafter decreased as decomposition progressed. However, the CO₂ evolution and microbial count i.e. fungal, bacterial and actinomycte was higher in mixure of 25% wheat straw +25% shredded cotton stalks +25% glyricidia leaves +25% sorghum stubbles. The changes in E4/E6 ratio also recorded below 5 in all the treatments except treatment 100% wheat straw at 120 days stage of composting. At 120 days of decomposition E4/E6 ratio was lower due to low degree of aromatic carbon and low-molecular weight.

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