Author(s):

Sebghatullah Sayedpoor, Ibrahim Hassani and Attifullah Shinwari

Abstract: Twenty bread wheat genotypes were tested at Uttar Pradesh, India in 2012/13, with the objective of assessing the extent of genetic variation and correlation of wheat genotypes in yield and yield components traits using randomized complete block design. Data collected for 12 agronomic characters were subjected to analysis of variance which revealed significant differences among the genotypes for all the characters. The broad sense heritability (H²) ranged from 38% (for spike length) to 99 % (for test weight), while genetic advance as percent of mean (GAM) from 4.71 (for spike length) to 27.34% (for test weight). The genetic coefficient of variation (GCV) and phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) differences were low in magnitude for days to heading days to flowering and days to maturity, and H² values were coupled with moderate to high GAM. This suggests selection based on phenotype of the lines could be effective to improve these characters. Interestingly, genotype K-911 showed superior performance under Agro -climatic condition of Uttar Pradesh, India. It exhibited highest grain yield, highest number of tillers per plant and less number of days to maturity (early in maturity) which is important for rice-wheat based cropping system. It also showed escaping mechanism against high temperature, and resistance against pest and disease which can be used for development of new varieties. Grain yield was positively and significantly correlated with test weight (0.65), harvest index (0.41), and positively and non-significantly with plant height (0.15), days to maturity (0.23) and days to flowering (0.12), of which test weight (0.65) and harvest index (0.41) had the highest positive direct effect on grain yield. Thus, selection for higher mean test weight and harvest index could be considered simultaneously for selection of higher grain yield.

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