Phytochimic screening and cytotoxic, anti-hemolytic and antioxidant activities of leaf extracts of Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsl.) a gray

Poungoue Tchamadeu Manuella; Kouamouo Jonas; Chelea Matchawe; Fekam Boyom Fabrice; Ngoupayo Joseph

Phytochimic screening and cytotoxic, anti-hemolytic and antioxidant activities of leaf extracts of Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsl.) a gray

Author(s):

Poungoue Tchamadeu Manuella, Kouamouo Jonas, Chelea Matchawe, Fekam Boyom Fabrice and Ngoupayo Joseph

Abstract:

Background: Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsl.) A Gray is an invasive plant species belonging to the Asteraceae family. It is native to Mexico, Tithonia diversifolia has been introduced to Africa and Asia as an ornamental plant. In Cameroon, this plant is known as the "jealousy flower" and considered as a bad plant. Traditionally, different peoples around the world use this plant for medicinal purposes. For example, it is used as antimalarial, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, wound healer, and to certain skin diseases and menstrual pain. Today, there is an increase in the incidence of cancer, metabolic, cardiovascular, neurodegenerative diseases. Oxidative stress is one of the factors that contribute to the occurrence of these diseases.

Objective: This study was to identify secondary metabolites and evaluate the antioxidant and anti-hemolytic activity of leaf extracts of Tithonia diversifolia.

Methods: The leaves of Tithonia diversifolia were collected in Nkoldongo, an area in Yaoundé, the capital city of Cameroon. The extracts were obtained by maceration in distilled water, ethanol/water mixture (70/30) and 95% ethanol. The DPPH and FRAP methods were used to evaluate the in-vitro antioxidant, anti-hemolytic and cytotoxicity activities of the extracts. The cytotoxic profile of the extracts was determined by evaluating the inhibition percentage of normal cell growth (Vero cells). Their anti-hemolytic activity was evaluated by the protection percentage of erythrocytes against hemolysis.

Results: Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, polyphenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, saponosides, coumarins and terpenoids in the plant extracts. All the extracts showed good antioxidant activity with the hydroethanolic extract having the highest anti-free radical power with an IC₅₀ of 14.882 µg/ml. Hydroethanolic extract had also shown a good ability to protect red blood cells.

Conclusion: Being rich in active metabolites, Tithonia diversifolia may offer high therapeutic potentials.

Pages: 1068-1076 | 1089 Views 385 Downloads

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Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry

How to cite this article:

Poungoue Tchamadeu Manuella, Kouamouo Jonas, Chelea Matchawe, Fekam Boyom Fabrice and Ngoupayo Joseph. Phytochimic screening and cytotoxic, anti-hemolytic and antioxidant activities of leaf extracts of Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsl.) a gray. J Pharmacogn Phytochem 2019;8(4):1068-1076.

Pharmacognosy

Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry

Vol. 8, Issue 4 (2019)

Phytochimic screening and cytotoxic, anti-hemolytic and antioxidant activities of leaf extracts of Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsl.) a gray

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