Author(s):

Ngoupayo Joseph, Tsayo Fomekong Edith, Sipowo Tala Viviane Raissa, Chelea Matchawe and Kouamouo Jonas

Abstract: Our study focused on the identification of secondary metabolites by HPLC coupled with mass spectrometry and UV and the evaluation of the antibacterial and antifungal activities of the Hydroethanolic and water extracts of the whole plant of Bidens pilosa. Extractions were done by maceration in distilled water and in the ethanol-water mixture (70:30 v/v). Phytochemical screening was carried out following N' Guess an et al. The chemical composition of the crude extracts of the whole plant was determined by HPLC-MS-UV. The antibacterial and antifungal activities were evaluated according to the micro dilution method on the reference strains of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC43300, Shigella flexneri NR518, Salmonella typhi ATCC 6539, Salmonella enterica NR 13555, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Pseudomonas aeruginosa NR 592 and Candida albicans NR29451) as described in the Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute guidelines. Extraction yields were 16.8% and 15.5% for water and Hydroethanol extracts, respectively. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of polyphenols, flavonoids, catechin tannins, coumarins, sterols, terpenes, Saponoside and alkaloids. The HPLC-MS-UV profile identified the following compounds: taxifolin, Brassicasterol, acetyl-vitexin-rhamnoside, paulitin, moschamin and apigenin 7-sulfate. Antibacterial activity showed that the hydroethanol extract of Bidens pilosa was active against all the tested microorganisms with MICs ranging from 2.5 to 10 mg / mL; MBC and MFC between 10 and 20 mg / mL. The aqueous extract was active only on Candida albicans and Escherichia coli with MICs of 10 and 20 mg / mL respectively. These antimicrobial properties may partly justify the use of Bidens pilosa in traditional pharmacopoeia for the treatment of infectious diseases.

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