Author(s):

Joginder Pal, Sunita Chandel and Ranjna Sharma

Abstract: The targeted genome editing that targets genomic sequences in a site specific manner has recently emerged as a most effective biotechnological weapon for boosting resistance in plants against widespread phytopathogens. Among various gene editing techniques, gene targeting notably by CRISPR-Cas9 (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats) has abundantly aroused consequential excitement among agricultural scientists since its discovery in 2013. It is an inexpensive, easy, efficent and rapidly flourshing technique that occurs in nature as a prokaryotic immune system and confers resistance to foreign invading genetic elements such as plasmids and bacterial viruses by intruppting compatible host pathogen interaction. The most important advantage of this technique over other gene editing methods is that it enables precise genomic modifications with ease and more effective manner, reducing off targest effects and can also be capable of editing multiple genome site simultaneously. The CRISPR/Cas9 technique offers the opportunities to rewrite the effector-target sequence for avoiding effector-target molecular communication and also to modify effector-target promoters for increasing the expression of target genes and thereby engaged in the resistance process. Besides its widespread role in virus and bacterial disease resistance, recently its potentiality in fungal disease management has also been reported. The technique displayed plant resistance tremendously by acting upon the immunity components and proved as an excellent and indispensable approach for sustainable agriculture. The CRISPR/Cas9 is rapidly evolving technique and its application is constantly expanding year by year. In this review, we have summarized the CRISPR/Cas9 system and its role in developing plant resistance.

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