Author(s):

Rajamanickam S, Rajesh Kumar P and Karthikeyan G

Abstract: Plant viruses cause major losses to several agricultural and horticultural crops around the world. In contrast to other plant pathogens, there are no immediate strategies accessible yet to control infections and subsequently, the current measures rely on indirect strategy to deal with the plant viral diseases. Therefore, three strategies for detection and identification of viruses in plants. One of the strategies is physical perception by expertise and microscopic methods able to verify shape and size of viral particles. Second strategy is based on the viral coat proteins. These are agglutination tests, precipitation test, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent Assays (ELISA) and immunoblotting. In this strategy of detection of virus coat protein, precipitation methods are more precise and sensitive. The third method is nucleic acid based methods, so they are nucleic acid hybridization, PCR, RT-PCR, Real Time PCR, IC-PCR, Nano Cips, DNA microassay and Multiplex PCR. Nucleic acid based detection like DNA microarray and nano chip are more sensitive and accurate techniques to detection of the viral particles than other methods. Availability of these detection strategies provides greater flexibility, sensitivity and specificity for rapid detection of virus, epidemiological studies, plant quarantine, seed certification and breeding programs. Hence, these detection strategies to improve knowledge and strengthen skills for virus diagnosis of plant virology are essential for plant disease management.

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