Author(s):

Mukesh Amrutlal Katediya, Rakesh Kumar Jaiman and Sanjay Kumar Acharya

Abstract: Chilli is one of the most important spices and vegetable crop of India, Chilli is susceptible to various fungal diseases such as Anthracnose, Damping off, Fusarium wilt, collar rot, dry root rot, stem rot and powdery mildew. Among of these, Anthracnose is the most widespread and important disease. Effects of cow urine were tested by poisoned food technique in vitro to know their inhibitory effect on the growth of anthracnose pathogen. Sterilized and unsterilized cow urine at 5, 10 and 20 per cent concentration showed per cent growth inhibition of C. capsici. The growth inhibition increase with increase in concentration cow urine. An inhibition of >40% was observed at 5%, >50% was observed at 10% and 20% concentrations in sterilized cow urine. The highest inhibition growth (91.67%) was observed against 20 per cent concentration and 15 days fermented. Sterilized cow urine was more effective then unsterilized cow urine. In unsterilized cow urine the highest inhibition growth (68.20%) was observed against 20 per cent concentration and 15 days fermented. Four systemic, three non-systemic and four combined fungicides at different concentrations were tested in vitro against C. capsici through poisoned food technique. Among the systemic fungicides, the completely growth inhibition of the fungus was recorded in difenaconazole and propiconazole at 500 and 1000 ppm concentrations. The next best systemic fungicide was pyraclostrobin at 1000 ppm inhibited 100 per cent mycelial growth. Among the non-systemic fungicides, the completely growth inhibition of the fungus was recorded in copper oxychloride at 1000, 1500, 2000 and 2500 ppm and mancozeb at 2500 ppm concentrations. The least effective fungicide was chlorothalonil at 1000, 1500, 2000 and 2500 ppm concentrations. Among the combined fungicides, the completely growth inhibition of the fungus was recorded in captan 70% + hexaconazole and carbendazim 12% + mancozeb 64% at all the concentrations. The next best combined fungicide were Pyraclostrobin 85g/ L + Epoxiconazole 62.5g/L and Zineb 68% + Hexaconazole 4% completely inhibited per cent mycelial growth at 500 and 1000 ppm concentration. Five different fungicides, 2 SAR activator and 2 organic inputs were tested for the management of anthracnose disease of chilli under field conditions. Difenconazole (0.025%) was significantly superior over rest of the fungicides, which was recorded the minimum disease intensity of 21.13 per cent with highest fruit yield. Copper oxychloride (0.2%) found second better fungicide for controlling the disease with 26.80 per cent disease intensity, which was at par with propiconazole (0.025%) and carbendazim + mancozeb (0.2%) in controlling the disease with 28.32 and 29.88 per cent disease intensity.

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