Author(s):

Avinash Kumar, Kiran N, Prashant Bisen and Amit Dadheech

Abstract: Present study was carried out with 10 parents, their 45 hybrids mated in diallel fashion without reciprocals and 4 checks viz., Pratap QPM Hybrid- 1, Vivek QPM- 9, HQPM- 1 and HQPM- 5 in RBD for estimation of heterosis in two environments (Kharif 2014 and Rabi 2014-15) at the Instructional farm, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, MPUAT, Udaipur. Analysis of variance in individual environment revealed that mean squares due to genotypes were significant for all the characters in both the environments. By further partitioning of genotypic variance the mean square due to parents were significant for all the characters except for grain yield per plant which was non-significant in E₂ environment. Mean squares due to crosses and mean sum of square due to parents v/s crosses were significant for all the characters in both the environments. Bartlett test shown homogeneity of error variance for ear girth, number of grain rows per ear and harvest index out of six characters under study. Pooled analysis revealed significant differences between the environments for these three characters. The mean squares due to genotypes including parents, crosses and parents vs. crosses were also significant for all the three characters. Mean squares due to genotypes x environment interactions were significant for ear girth and harvest index but for number of grain rows per ear it was non-significant, indicating influence of environment on the expression of this character. The partitioning of mean squares due to parents x environments were significant for all the three characters and due to crosses x environments interaction were significant for ear girth and harvest index while non-significant for number of grain rows per ear. Study of economic heterosis showed that for ear length four hybrids (P₂ x P_10, P₃ x P_5, P₅ x P₈ and P₂ x P₈) in E₁ while none of the hybrids in E₂, for ear girth six hybrids (P₁ x P₈, P₃ x P₅, P₆ x P₈, P₅ x P₈, P₂ x P₅ and P₂ x P₈) in E₁ and none of the hybrids in E_2, for 100 grain weight two hybrids (P₆ x P₈ and P₇ x P₁₀) in E₁ only and for grain yield per plant six hybrids (P₆ x P_8, P₅ x P_8, P₃ x P_5, P₅ x P_7, P₁ x P₈ and P₂ x P₈) in E₁ while none of the hybrid in E₂ exhibited positive significant economic heterosis over the best check. Over the environment study of harvest index indicated that only one hybrid P₁ x P₉ exhibited positive significant economic heterosis in E₁, E₂ and pooled environment over the best check Vivek QPM-9 in E₁ and on pooled basis while over Pratap QPM Hybrid-1 in E₂. None of the hybrid exhibited positive significant Economic heterosis for ear girth and number of grain rows per ear.

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