Author(s):

Tanmaya Kumar Bhoi, Neha Trivedi, Hemant Kumar, Ipsita Samal, Aditya Kumar Tanwar, Fazil Hasan and Mukesh K Dhillon

Abstract: The spotted stem borer, Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) is an important pest of maizein Asia. Host plant resistance is one of the effective way to minimise crop losses due to insect pests. Various morphological and biochemical factors of host plant lead to the development of resistance/ susceptibility in insects. The host plant resistance can be studied through the establishment and orientation behaviour which may be constitutive or induced.Biochemical constituents both in terms of quantities and proportions to each other in host plant have a great influence on growth, development, survival and reproduction of insects. More importantly, the performance and abundance of herbivores is attributed to the variations in host plant quality being determined by nutritional composition, allele chemistry and specific anatomical features The ROS react with wide range of molecules leading to membrane destruction, lipid peroxidation, causing pigment co-oxidation and membrane destruction. In order to compensate oxidation burst due to production of ROS, plants have evolved complex protective mechanism for scavenging ROS, which include small molecular antioxidants and enzymatic components. In this series there are several naturally occurring plant cell antioxidants/enzymes like catalases, ascorbic acid oxidase, ascorbic acid peroxidase, phenyl ammonia lyase and tyrosine ammonia lyase; and constitutive plant defense compounds such as phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, chlorophyll and carotenoid derivatives which could be potential plant defence factors against herbivores.

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