Author(s):

Vyomesh Shailesh Patel, Pitambara and YM Shukla

Abstract: Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) found to be very fatal infective agents and cause severe yield loses of Tomato (S. lycopersicum L.). Biochemical characterization of roots of two tomato cultivars AT 3 (Susceptible) and SL 120 (Resistant) grown under sterile and root knot nematode (3000 J₂ stage larvae per plant) inoculated soil, revealed that moisture content was dropped significantly in AT 3 under disease conditions (82.06%). The total protein content of roots ranged from 2.46% - 3.56%. Highest total protein content was observed in the susceptible cultivar AT 3 under diseased condition (3.56%). Study of amino acid profile by UPLC revealed significant rise in their quantity under transition from control to diseased conditions in susceptible cultivar AT 3. Proline was increased significantly under diseased conditions in both the cultivar. The total phenol content of roots ranged from 0.1% - 0.36%. Highest total phenol content was observed in the resistant cultivar SL 120 under disease condition (0.36%). Sinapic acid content increased the most in susceptible cultivar AT 3 after infection. Chlorogenic acid (15.84 µg / g FW) and ellagic acid (7.89 µg / g FW) were also found to be increased significantly under root-knot biotic stress in susceptible cultivar AT 3 as compared to control conditions. Salicylic acid showed highest increase in resistant cultivar SL 120 (13.96 µg / g FW). Roots of susceptible cultivar (AT 3) under diseased condition showed significantly higher (19.43 mg of ascorbic acid g^-1 FW) antioxidant activity as compared to control (8.09 mg of ascorbic acid g^-1 FW). Peroxidase had shown the maximum activity under root knot biotic stress and was recorded highest in resistant cultivar SL 120 (111.73 ΔOD/min/ g FW). PPO activity was also found to be highest in resistant cultivar SL 120 under disease conditions (6.27 ΔOD/min/ g FW). Maximum PAL activity was found to be present in the susceptible cultivar AT 3 (11.6 µmol h^-1 g^-1 fw) under biotic stress condition. This information could be useful for planning better strategies in tomato breeding for resistance against root knot nematode.

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