Author(s):

SM Mushiur Rahman, Bisti Saha, Md. Habibur Rahman, Asraful Islam, Shamsun Nahar, Md. Tanjir Imam Hasan and Md. Nazmus Sakib

Abstract: Gendarussa vulgaris Nees (Acanthaceae) is used in folk medicine for the treatment of asthma, rheumatism, colic’s, arthritis, jaundice, inflammation, cephalgia, eczema, diarrhea, wounds, dyspepsia, pain and fever. The present study was designed to qualitatively evaluate the profile of phytochemical constituents as well as acute toxicity, antinociceptive and antidiarrheal activities of ethyl acetate extract of Gendarussa vulgaris leaves (EAGVL). Phytochemical constituents, acute toxicity, antinociceptive and antidiarrheal activities were determined and assessed by various tests such as Molisch’s test, Fehling test, Mayer’s test, frothing test, FeCl₃ test, alkali test, Salkowski’s test, Keller-killiani test and CuSO₄ test, OECD guidelines, formalin-induced paw licking, acetic acid-induced writhing, castor oil and MgSO₄ induced diarrheal test. This extract figured the presence of carbohydrates, alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, glycosides, triterpenoids, fat and fixed oils. Mortality, behavioral changes or sign of any toxicity were not observed up to the dose as high as 4000mg/kg. The crude extract was found to have significant (P<0.05, vs. control) analgesic activity at the oral dose of 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg (b. wt.) in the tested animals. Moreover, both doses of (200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg) ethyl acetate extract significantly (P<0.05, vs. control) reduced the gastrointestinal motility and inhibit the percentage of diarrhea in antidiarrheal models. But 400 mg/kg dose showed better antinociceptive and antidiarrheal activity than 200 mg/kg dose compared to control. The results indicate that Gendarussa vulgaris leaves may provide a potential source of antinociceptive and antidiarrheal activities.

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