Author(s):

P Boominathan, CV Chittibabu, C Sivaraj, E Gayathiri and P Arumugam

Abstract: Hemidesmus indicus (L.) R.Br. belongs to the family Asclepiadaceae, and is called Indian sarsaparilla, anantamool or nannari. It is a well-known indigenous medicine for antioxidant and antiinflammatory diseases. Tribal people use this plant to treat skin, colorectal, and liver cancers. The root decoction of the plant is use to treat in biliousness, respiratory disorders, eye diseases, epileptic fits in children, kidney and urinary disorders, loss of appetite and burning sensation. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antioxidant and antibacterial activities of methanol root extract of H. indicus and to identify the bioactive compounds by GC-MS analysis. Antioxidant activities such as DPPH radical, ABTS^·+ radical cation, Fe³⁺ reducing power and phosphomolybdenum reduction assays were carried out. The maximum DPPH radical scavenging activity of methanol root extract was 64.31±4.50% at 120 µg/mL concentration and the IC₅₀ was 37.44 µg/mL concentration. The maximum ABTS^●+ radical cation scavenging activity of methanol root extract was 77.37±5.41% at 30 µg/mL concentration and the IC₅₀ was 12.93 µg/mL concentration. The maximum of Mo⁶⁺ reduction and Fe³⁺ reduction were 87.17±6.10% and 64.13±4.48% at 120 µg/mL concentration and the RC₅₀ values were 35.77 µg/mL and 87.03 µg/mL concentration. The antibacterial activity showed maximum zone of inhibition of 18 mm for Micrococcus luteus at 625 µg/mL concentration. Antioxidant compounds such as 5,6-epoxy-5,6-dihydro-retinoic acid and oleic acid were present in methanol root extract of H. indicus which were eluted by GC-MS.

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