Author(s):

Adil Rasool Paray, M Bhakat, TK Mohanty, P Behare, SA Lone, UR Parry, R Kumar, Ranjana Sinha, HP Yadav, A Rahim, Z Danish and N Shah

Abstract: Based on ethno pharmacological and taxonomic information, antimicrobial activities of crude aqueous extracts of five medicinal plants including leaves of Moringa oleifera, Azadirachta indica, Carica papaya, stem and bark of Tinospora cordifolia, and rhizomes of Curcuma longa were determined in vitro by agar well diffusion-method against six pathogenic bacteria. The target bacterial species were Escherichia coli, Proteus spp., Enterococcus faecium, Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus agalactiae.Leaves of Moringa oleifera, Azadirachta indica and Carica papaya, stem and bark of Tinospora cordifolia, and rhizomes of Curcuma longa were collected, washed, dried, pulverized and stored at 4°C. Dried powder of selected plant tissues/parts were soaked in distilled water (1:5 ratio) and incubated at 55°C for overnight and filtered to collect the aqueous extract. The filtrate was centrifuged and aqueous extract was obtained. The antibacterial activity measured as a zone of inhibition (in mm) for Tinospora cordifolia extract against E. coli, Proteus spp., E. faecium, E. faecalis, S. aureus and S. agalactiae was 5.00±0.70, 11.75±0.62, 7.00±0.40, 7.75±0.25, 4.75±0.85, and 5.00±0.70, respectively. Extract of Moringa oleifera exhibited a zone of inhibition (mm) of 7.50±1.04, 12.75±0.85, 10.25±0.62, 10.25±0.85, 8.75±0.47, and 8.50±1.25, respectively against bacterial species mentioned. Similarly, the zone of inhibition measuring (mm), 9.00±0.81, 10.00±1.08, 9.00±0.57, 8.00±0.40, 9.00±0.81, and 4.25±0.62 was found against respective bacterial species for Azadirachta indica extract. In the same way, Carica papaya was seen to exhibit antimicrobial activity against the bacterial species mentioned to an extent of 7.00±0.40, 11.50±0.86, 8.25±0.47, 7.00±0.91, 6.75±0.85, and 7.75±0.47 mm zone of inhibition, respectively. Similarly, the zone of inhibition (mm) for Curcuma longa was measured to be 6.50±0.28, 4.75±0.85, 3.50±0.64, 4.25±0.85, 3.50±0.28, 3.25±0.25, respectively against E.coli, Proteus spp., E. faecium, E. faecalis, S. aureus and S. agalactiae. M. oleifera and A. indica plant aqueous extracts were seen to possess comparatively higher antibacterial activity. The current investigation supports the belief that these plants are sources of antibacterial agents.

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