Author(s):

Babulal Yadav, D Niyogi, KK Tripathi, GK Singh, Awadhesh Yadav and M Kumar

Abstract: Day old broiler chicks (60) procured from a commercial hatchery were divided in to 3 equal groups consisting of 20 each (T₁, T₂ and C) for the present study. About 1/10^th of acute LD₅₀ i.e., 2 mg/ kg body weight of chlorpyrifos was dissolved in 0.2 ml of coconut oil and fed orally with the help of a specially prepared syringe to each birds of treatment groups (T₁ &T₂) daily starting from day-old to 6 weeks or until death. Birds of T₂ group were also provided with selenium and vitamin E (E-care Se) @ 5gm/50broiler birds though drinking water from day-old to 6 weeks or until death. Twenty birds of other group (C) received only the standard feed and plane water, serving as control. Birds of all the groups were sacrificed by cervical dislocation at the end of 6 weeks and gross pathological lesions were recorded immediately after slaughter. Tissue pieces of liver, kidney, lungs, spleen, intestine and bursa of Fabricious were preserved in 10% formalin solution immediately after necropsy and processed for paraffin sectioning (3-5 μ thick). Sections were stained with Mayer’s haematoxylin and eosin for histopathological examinations. Sub acute chlorpyrifos toxicity was observed to induce hyperemia and haemorrhages in most of the organs. Cytopathologically, there were toxic hepatitis and nephrosis, tubular nephritis, necrotic enteritis, myocarditis, pneumonic conditions and lymphocytolysis in spleen and bursa of Fabricious of chlorpyrifos induced birds (T₁). Lymphocytolysis in the lymphoid organs clearly indicated that chlorpyrifos had cytotoxic effect leading to immunosuppression. The intensity of cytotoxic changes in the parenchymatous organs of chlorpyrifos + selenium and vitamin E treated birds (T₂) were mild in nature indicating partial protective effect of selenium and vitamin E in chlorpyrifos intoxication.

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